Studio Album · No. 1
Reasonable Doubt Songwriting Credits by Jay-Z
Produced by Ski, Clark Kent, DJ Premier, DJ Irv, Knobody, Sean C, Dahoud, Dame Dash, Big Jaz, Peter Panic · Engineered by Kenny Ortíz, Joe Quinde, Eddie Sancho, Carlos Bess
Holds writing credit on 14 of 14 tracks
Authorship Breakdown 14 / 14 documented
Scored across the 14 tracks with documented writers, by whether Jay-Z carries a lyricist or composer credit.
Share of the 14 tracks where a band member is credited, by role.
By the Numbers
Reasonable Doubt is the clearest illustration of Jay-Z's authorship model at its source: he wrote all the words, and the music credit goes entirely to his producers and the records they sampled. The composer column lists Ski, DJ Premier, Clark Kent, and Irv Gotti alongside soul and jazz writers like Lonnie Liston Smith, while Jay-Z sits alone in the lyricist column on most tracks, joined only when another rapper takes a verse. It is a near-perfect lyricist score over production he did not write.
Reasonable Doubt is the debut studio album by Jay-Z, released in June 1996 on his own Roc-A-Fella Records through Priority. It is widely regarded as his finest work and a cornerstone of mafioso rap, trading in dense, detailed narratives of hustling, ambition, and the moral cost of the street life he was leaving behind. Jay-Z wrote every verse himself, and the album pairs his writing with a tight circle of New York producers, including Ski, DJ Premier, Clark Kent, and Irv Gotti, who built its soul- and jazz-sampling sound. The guest list is a snapshot of mid-90s New York, with the Notorious B.I.G. trading verses on 'Brooklyn's Finest' and Foxy Brown on the hit 'Ain't No Nigga.' Though it sold modestly at first, it was certified platinum years later and now sits near the top of most rankings of the greatest hip-hop albums.
Track Listing & Credits 14 tracks
| # | Title | Lyricist(s) | Composer(s) | Producer(s) | Performers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
Can't Knock the Hustle
|
Jay-Z | Marcus MillerJerome Foster | KnobodySean CDahoud | Jay-Z (Lead Vocals)Mary J. Blige (Featured Vocals) |
| 2 |
Politics as Usual
|
Jay-Z | David WillisCynthia Biggs | Ski | Jay-Z (Lead Vocals) |
| 3 |
Brooklyn's Finest
|
Jay-ZThe Notorious B.I.G. | Rodolfo Franklin | Clark KentDame Dash | Jay-Z (Lead Vocals)The Notorious B.I.G. (Featured Vocals) |
| 4 |
Dead Presidents II
|
Jay-Z | Lonnie Liston SmithDavid Willis | Ski | Jay-Z (Lead Vocals) |
| 5 |
Feelin' It
|
Jay-Z | David Willis | Ski | Jay-Z (Lead Vocals)Mecca (Featured Vocals) |
| 6 |
D'Evils
|
Jay-Z | Christopher Martin | DJ Premier | Jay-Z (Lead Vocals) |
| 7 |
22 Two's
|
Jay-Z | David Willis | Ski | Jay-Z (Lead Vocals) |
| 8 |
Can I Live
|
Jay-Z | Irving Lorenzo | DJ Irv | Jay-Z (Lead Vocals) |
| 9 |
Ain't No Nigga
#50
|
Jay-ZFoxy Brown | Jonathan Burks | Big Jaz | Jay-Z (Lead Vocals)Foxy Brown (Featured Vocals) |
| 10 |
Friend or Foe
|
Jay-Z | Christopher Martin | DJ Premier | Jay-Z (Lead Vocals) |
| 11 |
Coming of Age
|
Jay-Z | Rodolfo FranklinJames Mtume | Clark Kent | Jay-Z (Lead Vocals)Memphis Bleek (Featured Vocals) |
| 12 |
Cashmere Thoughts
|
Jay-Z | Rodolfo Franklin | Clark Kent | Jay-Z (Lead Vocals) |
| 13 |
Bring It On
|
Jay-ZJaz-OSauce Money | Christopher Martin | DJ Premier | Jay-Z (Lead Vocals)Jaz-O (Featured Vocals)Sauce Money (Featured Vocals) |
| 14 |
Regrets
|
Jay-Z | Patty F. Di Pasquale | Peter Panic | Jay-Z (Lead Vocals) |